Turbine.



E.ANDERSON.

TUBBINB.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 3, 1910.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

E.ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED Dno.a.1a1a

1,0?2295, Patented sept.2,1913.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3. @Wai K fw 60 /zf d,

QUEI-Immun' RNEYS E. ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION HLBD DBO. s. 1910.

1,072,295. Patented sep1;.2,1913.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 41 WITNESSES:

E. ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED 1330.3, 1910.

1,072,295. l Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

INVENTOR gul/Muay' wnNEssEs: M WHW" E. ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

APPLIUATION FILED 1330.3, 1910.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

B SHEETS-SHEET G.

l/Q. f

f P f E. ANDERSN.

TURBINE.

APLIoATIoN FILED DBO 3. 1910.

IWWWM, Patented sept. 2, 1913.

SHEETS-SHEET 7.

E. ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATON PILED DNLS. 1910.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

B SHEETS-SHEET 8.

Till.

\NVENTR S V... EL N n O T A WITNESSES entran STATES PATENT orales.

EMIL aNnnnsoN, lor NEW Yo'nx', kassienon To n. STANLEY wenn, 'or-NEW f N. Y. Y l y speamcauon of Leners 'intent Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

`appucaeuni ale-i December a, 1910. serial no. 595,331.

.a specification, reference being had-to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to turbine engines,

and particularly to reversible turbine en-4 gines, and my invention consists, first, in a novel form and construction of valve operating means for reversing the direction of running of the engine; second, in supplemental actuating elements and governing means therefor, automatically controlled in accordance with the speed of the engine third, in means whereby the supplemental actuating means may be brought into play regardless of the speed of the engine at the time the reversing means is operated; fourth, in auxiliary actuating means arranged to be manually brought into play if desired at the time of rst starting up the engine; fifth, in means for regulating the admission of motive fluid to the main actuating elements; and sixth, in automatic governing means for controlling the same in accordance with the speed ofthe engine.

The main objects of my invention are, first, to provide a simple and powerful reversing turbine engine which will operate efliciently and economically in either direction; second, to provide that these-me may be reversed either from a condition ofyrest or when running at high speed; third, to employ the power of the engine itself to bring about the adjustment of parts necessary for a complete reversing operation, whereby in lai-geplante the amountof work imposed upon the operator will be not excessive and the use of independent power means for the purpose will be obvlated; fourth, to provide forl an increase of power in the engine above the maximum obtainable under the ordinary operation thereof so that while the engine may be operated at the highest economy under normal conditions, a reserve may be called upon under abnormal conditions such as a sudden, heavy over-load, or when suddenly reversing the engine at a time it is running at considerable speed, such reserve being in itself not necessarily economical in its operation,

but designed to powerfully supplement the action of the main actuatino elements; fifth `to automatlcally regulate idw admission o motive luidin an economical manner under normal conditions of running whereby the engine may normally run in an economical manner-under a varying load.

My invention also consists in many 'novel details of construction and combinations of parts, such as will be fully pointed out here inafter, and advantages other than those specifically pointed out, above will be a parent to those skilled `in this art; and 1n order that my invention may be fully understood I will now proceed to describe in detail a construction constituting an embodiment thereof, and will then point out the y novel features in claims. In the drawings: Figure 1 1s a view 1n end elevation of an engine constructed in ac-V cordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a View in part end elevation and part vertical transverse section of the engine looking toward the opposite end theref. Fig. 3 is a view :in central longitudinal section therethrough, the rotary element and certain parts carried therewith being shown in side elevation. Fig.` 4 is a detail view of parts of the engine upon a larger scale looking in thedirection of Fig. l, certain of the parts being shown in end elevation and other parts nrvertical transverse section. Fig. 5 is a detail view on a still larger scale in central vertical section through certain parts of the engine showing particularly the governor mechanism. Fig.- 6 is a top View of the engine upon a reduced scale with certain parts omitted, the said view showing particularly certa-in features of` the reversing mechanism. Fig. 7 is a detail vertical transverse sectional view through oneof the stationary abutment elements or rings of the stationary casing, the section being taken upon three different planes bo illustrate different grou s of reaction recesses employed therein. Flg. 8 is a detail horizontal sectional view showing a means employed for adjusting the point of admission of high pressure motive iiuid. Fig. 9 is a detail view 'showing one of the supplementary reversing valves in transverse section, and a portion of the casing in which the same is mounted. Fig. is a detail sectional view through a part of the rotary element and a portion of one of the supplementary reversing valves showingthe relation of the Supplementary buckets in the rotary element with certain co-acting recesses in the saidvalve. Figs. 11 and 12 are detail sectional views showing the co-action of a' part vof one of the supplementary valves with a stud or stem employed in connection with the reversing mechanism. Fig.g13 is a detail sectional View of a manual operating element for the high pressure admission adjusting means illustrated in Fig. 8. Fig. 14 is a detail fragmentary View in end elevation showing in part the connections employed for automatically adjusting such means. Fig. 15 is a detail view in longitudinal section of an 'auxiliary starting head and nozzle employed, together with certain correlated parts. Fig. 16 is a detail transverse sectional view showing one of the main inlet and reversing valves, and also showing in rear elevation one ofthe adjustable high pressure inlet elements. Fig. 17 is a detail top view of a art of the governormechanism employed). Figs. 18 and 19 are views respectively in central longitudinal and transverse section of a coupling employed. Fig. 20 is a diagrammatic view in development looking down upon the rings 25 and upon :the periphery of the rotary impelling element.

rllhe general form of engine, illustrated herein is that shown in a' co-pending application Serial Number 590,175 filed November 1, 1910, and to which reference is hereby made for a specic and detailed description thereof. In general the engine comprises a stationary casing 20 provided with end heads 21-21, and arotary impelling element 22 mounted upon a central drive shaft 23 which is journaled in suitable bearings 24-24 carried by the end' heads 21-21. The casing 20 has a substantially cylindrical bore therein concentrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation, and secured fast therein Within the said bore are tworings 2525 constituting stationary abutment elements in which the reaction surfaces for the inotive fluid are contained. The rotary impelling element 22 has a central flange 26 and two end anges 27, the former of which is arranged between the two rings 25--25 and the latter of which are arranged upon the outside of the said rings, the lsaid flange port-ions being provided with buckets for receiving the motive Huid and which are designed to act in conjunction with the reaction surfaces above referred to. y

The rotary impelling element has two sets of high pressure buckets arranged one upon either side of the central ange 26, and two sets of low pressure buckets arranged upon the inner faces of the flanges 27. rihese buckets are arranged in the form of concentric rings 28-29-30 and 31, as appears in Figs. 4 and 15, there being four of such amazes distantly disposed around the rings for each set of high pressure buckets, each group comprising four sets concentrically disposed and constituting segments of rings. rlhe 'length of the ring segments decreases from the outer set to the inner set as is clearly shown in Fig. 7 and the sets commence progressively at a later period in the direction of the rotation of the engine, and which is indicated by the arrow in Fig. 7. The,

ring segments end at about the same radial line and in proximity to transfer valves 36, as will presently be described. rlhe ring segments communicate with one another through cross-over passages 37 at their front and rear ends, and at the 'forward end thereof they communicate with transfer passages 38 which Aconnect with the said transfer valves.

Located intermediate the groups 35 upon the same side of the rings 25 are three other groups of reaction surfaces 39 (see Fig. 7). 'llhese groups also constitute high pressure reaction surfaces for coaction with the high pressure rings or buckets, but are arranged v to be used when the engine is running in' a reverse direction to that shown by the arrow in Fig; 7. For convenience of description herein l will referto the direction of rotation of the engine indicated by the arrow in Fig. 7 as the forward direction of drive, and the opposite direction as the reverse direction of drive.v rlhe ring segments of the group 39 decrease in length progressively in an outward direction because, as

will presently be shown, the motive .fluid under reverse direction of drive is admitted to theinnermost set `first and passes thence outward through the outer sets or ring segments. Upon the opposite side of each of the rings 25 there are three groups of low pressure reaction surfaces 40 complementary to the high pressure groups 35 and arranged for coaction with the low pressure rings of buckets in the flanges 27 of the rotary impelling element, and three other groups of low pressure reaction surfaces 41 intermediate the groups 40, complementary to the high pressure-groups 39 and arranged for coaction with the rings of low pressure buckets in the flanges 27 of the impelling element. rfhe segmental sets of reaction surfaces of eachgroup have cross-over passages 42 connecting them in a manner similar to the cross-over passages 37 of the high pressure sets, and also transfer passages. 43 which connect with the said transfer valves ioe 36. The transfer valves 36 are of cylindrical plug-like form and have outer and in` ner transfer ports or passages 44 and 45,` to connect the the inner passages serving high pressure groups with the low pressure groups 40 1n advance thereof (in the `when the' valves are set in one position, an the trans 1 direction of the arrow in Fig. 7

fer passages 44 serving tto connect the high pressure groups 39 with the low groups 41 in advance thereof, in a irection opposite to that of the arrow in Fig. 7 when the valves are set in their opposite position. Motive fluid, hereinafter referred to as steam, though other motive fluids may the said openings bein upon one side of the t TheA axis of rotation of t e said valve. valves are adapted to be rotated, 'as will presently be explained, so that they may be adjusted to either ofztwo positions. When the valves are adjusted to the position shown in the diagrammatic View Fig. 20, the openings 47 therethrough will register with openings or passages 48 in the casing, such as lead to the outermost rings of the high pressure buckets 28 in the m-pclling wheel and to the outermost sets of reaction surfaces of the groups 35 in the stationary abutment rings 25. In the operation of the engine in the forward direction the steam will pass backward and forward between the reaction surfaces in the said first set of the groups 35 and the high pressure buckets in the rings 28 until the second set of high pressure reaction surfaces of the sets 35 are reached, when the area of the second said sets of reaction surfaces and the area of the corresponding buckets will be added to the area of the first set, and the steam thereby expanded to a greater volume. The same action will continue when the third set of reaction surfaces are reached, at which time the steam will be again expanded, and the steam will be still further expanded when in like mannerthe fourth set of reaction surfaces are reached. From this point the steam will pass `through the transfer' passages 38 to the transfer valves, 36, and thence through the inner passages therein to the low pressure set of buckets and reaction surfaces upon the opposite side of the said stationary `abutment rings 25, passing first to the innermost sets of the low pressure reaction surfaces of the groups 4() and the innermost low pressure rings of buckets 32, and thence outward successively through the intermediate and outer` sets -of the low pressure reaction surfaces of the groups 4() and the intermediate and outer sets of the low pressure buckets 33-34 until the steam is finally exhausted into an .annular exhaust chamber 49 in the casing'. The course of the steam may be readily traced in thediagrammatic. view Fig. 20, the direction thereof and the direction of the rotating member being in the `direction of the arrow shown in colonection withthat ti vure.

When it is desire that the engine be run 1n a reverse direction, z'. e., in a direction opposite to that shown by the arrow in Figs. 7 and 20, the main valves 46, which it will be noted act as reversing valves, will be ro tilted through an arc `of 180 degrees. At such time the openings or passages47 there-- in will come into register with openings or passages 50, closing the aforesaid assages 47. When the valve is so adjusted tige steam admitted through ithe openings `47 to the| passages 5() will pass lirst 4to the innermost .sets of reaction surfaces of the groups` 39-39 in the stationary elbutmcnt rings 25?*25 .and the corresponding inner ring o3-f high pressune buckets in the rotary imV elling wheel, thence as the rotary impe ing element revolves and the outer sets of sta tionary reaction surfaces are successively reached and their area, together with the area of the successive outer rings of buckets are added, the steam willl be expanded through successive stages until the upper passages 44 of the transfer valves 36 .are reached. These transfer valves must be given a movement of rotation to the re- 'quired extent to bring the openings 44 in register with the transfer passages leading respectively to the discharge end of the high pressure groups of reactionsulfaces 3S) and. theapproach end of the complementary low pressure groups 41, and the manner in which this is preferably accomplished will be presently explained. Thence the steam will be again expanded through successive stages until, in like manner as described above, it reaches the annular exhaust chambers 49.

The general preferred form of the buckets may be seen by reference to Figs. S und 20, each bucket comprising an elongated recess 5lhaving a central bridge wall 52 at the mouth thereof, whereby a separate receiv ing and discharge orifice is provided. The reaction surfaces which are 1n the form of channels are adapted to successively connect the discharge end of each bucket with the receiving end of the next succeeding bucket, the said channels. having a rearwardly turned portion 53 at the receiving end thereof, and a forwardly extending portion 54 at the forward end. By this means steam entering a bucket will be projected against the bridge wall thereof and against the forward end or wall of the bucket. being deiected and turned backward by the said forward end into the rearwardly extending portion 53 of the reaction surface or channel, to be turned by reason of thti shape of the channel iid@ llllO and again forwardly projected into the next Each of the valves succeeding bucket. The buckets beingsymmetrically formed are adapted for engagement with react-ion surfaces pointing `in either direction and hence are equally adapted for coperation withthe aforesaid reaction surfaces'for forward driving as well as for rearward driving.

As so far described the engine is substantially that set forth in the application for Letters Patent above referred to. In addition, however, to the buckets on the inner faces of the flange 27 and the outer faces of the flange 26, the impelling element is providedl in the present instance with two sets of supplementary buckets 55, each setA constituting an annular ring of such buckets,

one of such rings being arranged upon either side of the said impelling wheel. Steam is `admitted to the buckets through supplementary reversing valves 56, there being three of such valves upon each side of the engine symmetrically disposed around the axis thereof, each valve being provided with relatively stationary reaction surfaces 57 for coaction with the said buckets 55, as clearly aplpears in Fig. 10. Actually each of the va ves is provided with two inlet channels 58-459, and two sets of diametrically opposed reaction surfaces 57 near'the outer edge thereof and in communication respectively with the said inlet channels .5S-59. The said reaction surfaces of the two sets are disposed so as to face inl opposite directions whereby the one in connection with the channel 58 will project the steam against the buckets in a direction for forward driving, and the set in connection with the inlet channels 59 willv project the steam in the opposite direction, e.,- in a direction to rotate the'impelling wheel for reverse driving. Steam is admitted at certain times as will be presently explained, through a supply pipe 60 to an annular chamber 61 in the end heads 2l of the casing, whence it passes through the inlet channels 58 in the valves 56 when the valves are adjusted in the position in which they are shown in the drawings, in the impelling wheel.` When the valves are in the position shown, the channels 59 are out of register with the chamber 6 1 so that no steam will be admitted thereto,-but if the valves are rotated through an arc of 180 degrees then the admission of steam to the channels 58 will be cut oif and steam will be admittedin lieu thereof to the channels 59. 56 is provided with a peripheral set of gear-teeth 62, the teeth of the three valves upon each side of the rotary impelling element being disposed in mesh with the teeth of central pinions 63 disposed upon the shaft 23, one upon each side of the said rotating impelling wheel. Each of the pinions 63 is provided with an. elongated and so to the supplemental buckets 55l hub 64. to which a is Secured by@ Spline@ connection, that is tosay, the hub may be moved longitudinally with respect thereto,

vbut the said hub and wheel are secured together against relative rotative movement. The forward and rear ends of these sleeves or hubs 64 are provided with clutch teeth 65 and 66 respectively, the former arranged for co-engagement with clutch teeth 67 upon the rota-ting impelling element, and the latter for co-engagement with clutch teeth 68 carried by the stationary end head of the casing. The normal running condition of the parts is. with the clutch teeth 66 of the sleeves or hubs 64 in engagement with the stationary clutch teeth 68 so that the. pinion 63 and the 'valves 56 are held stationary. Under certain conditions, however', the hubs or sleeves 64 may be moved longitudinally inward to relieve the clutch teeth 66 from engagement with the teeth 68 and to cause the engagement of the clutch teeth 65 thereof with the clutch teeth 67 of the rotary impelling element. Under such conditions the valves 56 will be rotated by and in accordance with the rotary movement of the rotary impelling wheel. This is effected when it is desired to reverse the position of the valves 56 as aforesaid, and with the particular vconstruction shown in which the pinions 63 are one-half the diameter of the gear teeth 62 of the valves 56, one complete revolution ofthe rotary impelling wheel will move the said valves 56 through the 180 degrees necessary to reverse the position of the reaction surfaces thereof with respect to the supplemental impelling wheel buckets. The sleeves or hubs 64 are normally held in their outward position with vthe clutch teeth 66 thereof in engagement with the stationary clutch teeth 68 by means of shipper` .levers 69. rlhese shipper levers have a rocking movement in the direction of the axis of the shaft 23 upon a stationary pivot 70 (see particularly Figs. 2 and 4), and in ad- Idition to this movement they also have a limitedv angular movement about the said axis to the .extent permitted by the clearance between blocks 7l to which the levers 69 are pivoted and abutments 72 to which the pivot pins 70 are secured.

A spring 73 tends to normally force the levers in one direction While an operating handle 74 connected with the said levers by connecting elements 138, is provided for moving the said levers in the other direction. In the drawings they are shown in their positions as when moved by the contraction of the spring 73, Such being their normal rest positions and in such position they are pressed outward longitudinally of the axis of the shaft 23 by meansV of stu'ds 75, the studs being in turn forced outward by the uppermost sup- .valves 56. The manby cams 76 carried plemental reversing lllO fili

t ,W i, "Tw .he andrai ner in which this mechanism is operated ia as follows z-Assurriingthe engine to be runA ning in the direction ot the arrow in Fig. 4 and it is desired to reverse it, the position of the hand lever 74e is reversed, that is to say, it is throv'vn down from the position in which it is shovvn in the drawings. The result o1 this is threc-iloldf-elirst, it. loringgjs about the reversal oit the supplemental reJ verslag valves he; second, it reverses the position of the main 'valves 46; third, it reverses the osition of the transiter valves Btl. One o't` t e tiret etliects ot its movement is to slightly rotate the shipping levers G9 about the axis of the shaft 23 against the resistance ot' the spring 73. As soon as the liront ends of these levers 69 move clear of fthe pins 75, helical springs 77 which surround the shaft 23 and hear against the sleeves @el and hence against the lever (i9, Will torce the said levers and sleeves inward with the result that the clutch teeth G6 of the said sleeves will be released troni their engagement with the stationary clutch teeth 68 and the clutch teeth 65 caused to engage the teeth G7 upon the rotating element. In the further forward movement of the rotan ing element the valves 56 Will he rotated through the required distance (in the present instance one-half cf a revolution) as has been above described. Directly the valves 56 begin to rotate, the lower cam elements 7 G thereof will release the studs 75 and the said studs will loe Withdrawn under the intluence of small coil springs 78 With which `they are provided. This WillI release the shipping levers 69 and permit them 4to return to their normal angular positions under the influence of the springs 73, but so far they will remain forced inward under the influence of the springs 77 and will so remain until they are again forced outward by the action of the studs l. Theywill be so forced outward as the valves complete their hall. revolution by reason of the 'fact that the opposite cams 76 thereof will. reach the said studs and vvill force them outward. In so turning;1 the studs outward the movement thereol ivill be imparted `to the shipper lovers and the shipper levers will he torced outward longitudinally oi the axis oit the shaft 23 against the resistance oi `their springs 77 back to their original osition, wherein the sleeves 64 are released treinen- @agement ".vith the rotating element and are caused to engage the clutch teeth titl upon the stationary casing.

The movement of the supplemental refreisingr valves 1will be imparted to the main :reversing valves t6 through gear traina (are liigs. 2 and 3) including pinions 79 upon the supplemental valves 56 upon one side of the engine, idler gears 80 in mesh therewith, pinions 81 in mesh with thc idler geitrs 80, and bevel gears 82 which connect the arranged in mesh 'with complen'iontuijir lionel gears Elfi secured iaat upon roch shafts tio-86 disposed around the engine in pron imity to cach pair oft the said valves 3G, the said rock shaft 86 serving also as a support 'for the' operating handle 74. Each of the rock shafts is provided with an operation' arm 87 while the rock shaft. 8G is provided with two such operating arms titi-ABB (eee 'Fig'. 2), and links 89 connect the o ei'ating' arms titl of 'the rook shaft lill with tie oper# ating arms 87 ofthe rock nha't't 85. Vlfhen the operatinghandle 7d is manipulated as aforesaid to reverse' the engine, such more ment results in rotating the transfer vulves to the required' degree to reverse their `positions. To again reverse the engine, the operating handle must be movedup to its original position as shown in the drawings, and the foregoing operations will then be repeated, the transfer valves being moved back to their original positions the revolution of the main and supplemental reversing valves completed.

The foregoing operation of reversing the engine presupposes that the engine shall 'be revolving at the time, because while the manipulation, of the operating handle 74 actually reverses the transfer valves, it merely operates the clutch mechanism by which the rotating element in its movement is caused to reverse the position of the supplemental reversing valves 56 and the main valves 46. To provide therefore for startingthe engine in a reverse direction from a condition of rest, I have provided the rotating element upon either side thereonc with a set of auXih iarv bucket recesses 90 (see Figs. 2 and lo) and the casing with a stationary head 91 containing.;f two nozzles SH2-93, and a valve by which either ot the said now/.les mov he supplied `with motive fluid from a brano i connection 9o. 'When it is desired to start the engine in a reverse direction 'trom that in which it was rotating,r when it lastI came to rest, the valve Sill; may be adjusted so as to connect the steam supply with the proper nozzle 92 93, wherein an initial impulse. may be given to turn the rotatingr element. llt such time the position ot the operating.;r handle "ttl should also be reversed so that the rotating elementl in its first movement will reverse the position ot the main and supplemental valves whereupon the main su ply valve (not shown) ma;T be opened to at mit steam and the engine thereupon operated in Zilli leo the normal manner as .was described hereinabove.

I preferably provide a coupling for the engine shaft such as will relieve the engine from load at the time it is being 'reversed or started up in a reverse direction, and in Figs. 18 and v19 I have shown a convenient form of such coupling. In this construction the engine shaft 23 is provided with a sliding nut 96 having a splined connection with the said shaft, whereby it may slide freely thereon, but. is secured to rotate therewith, the said nut having a screw-threaded engagement with a casing 97 in which the shaft 23 rotates freely. The casing 97 is, however, secured fast to the driven shaft 98, being provided with a anged hub 99 for this purpose. rlLhe casing 97 carries rocker arms 100 which are pivoted thereto, the said operating arms having portions 101 for engaging a cam surface 102 upon the nut, and with fingers 103 for engaging a collar 104 which is secured fast to the shaft 23. When the nut is in either of its eXtreme positions longitudinally upon the shaft 23, the cam surface either at one end or the other will so bear against the portions 101 of the arms 100 as toforce the lingers 103 into such engagement with the collar 104 as to lock the casing 97 to the collar 104 and hence lock the shafts 23 and 98 together. When, however, the shaft 23 is reversed the effect will be to cause the nut 96 to travel to a position opposite to that formerly occupied thereby, and while in its intermediate po-sition the cam surface 102 is so formed as to release the arms 101 whereby the fingers 103 will be disengaged from the collar 104 and hence during the greater part of .such movement the two shafts will be disconnected. Thus itwill be seen that each time the shaft 23 is reversed it will be permitted to rotate during substantially the entire time it takes the nut to travel from one extreme position thereof to the other, free of connection with the driven shaftv 98 and hen'ce relieved of load.

l have provided automatic governing means for the engine, the same comprising two sets of governor elements 105-106, (Figs. 3 and 5) the former tocontrol the admission of steam to the main high pressure rotating element buckets, and the latter to control admission of motive fluid' to the supplemental reversing valves. The governor mechanism includes a vertically mounted rotatable spindle 107 actuated by means of a worm and gear connection108 from the main shaft,4 a coilar 109 carried thereby, centrifuga-l weights 110 for the said lower governor element 105, and cen-l trifugal weights 111 for the said upper governor element. rEhe centrifugal balls 110 of novaaea gage a collar 112 upon a sleeve 113vmounted to slide upon the vertical spindle 107. This sleeve 113 has another collar 114 which is. engaged by a rocking arm 115, the latter being connected by means of a link 116 with an operating arm 117 upona rocker spindle 118. The said rocker spindle extends into the casing and is provided with pins 119 for engagement with studs 120 upon adjustable blocks 121 mounted in proximity to the outermost rings 28 of high pressure buckets of lthe main rotating element (see particularly Figs. 5, 8, and 16), each block being provided with an admission nozzle 122 for steam at a point therein wherein a portion thereof will come more or less into register with the high pressure inlet channels 48 leading to the passages 47 in the uppermost main reversing valve, and as the block is adjusted forward or backward the registry between the nozzle openings 122 and the inlet channels 48 will be more or less perfect whereby the amount of steam admitted therethrough may be proportionately regulated. In addition to the. actual variation of the amount of steam admitted, the adjustment of this block, which itself contains certain of the reaction surfaces for co-engagement with the high pressure ring of buckets 28, with respect to others of the said reaction surfaces, will cause a more or less perfect and correct registration of the buckets ,and reaction surfaces in their entirety, whereby the efliciency of the steam:

action thereon will be increased or decreased in accordance therewith.

By reason of the connection of the governor element with the adjustable blocks 121,1it will follow that their position will depend upon the action of the governor, and the connections are so arranged that steam will be gradually cut off and its efficient action upon the rotating element reduced in proportion as the speed of the governor increases above a predetermined rate while on the other hand' the amount of steam admitted will be increased and the efficient action thereon upon the rotating element will also be increased in proportion as the speed of the governor decreases. j

Each of the high pressure inlets. may be provided with similar automatically controlled mechanism if desired, but in the present instance 1 have shown the other two high pressure inlets as merely proaugmented. After the speed of the engine .and will be pulled down as the governor @evasive valve 124 by which steam is admitted to thel branch pipes 160 leading to the supplemental reversing valves 56. The stem of this valve l 124 is provided near the outer end thereof g with a collar 125, and a spring 126 bears` against the collar and normaly tends toi force the valve 124 open. The collar 1252 normally rests at one side thereof upon the l slotted end of a lever 127, the said lever in turn 'resting upon the uppermost iange` 128 of a sleeve 129 mounted to slide upon the governor spindle 107. The short arms of the bell crank levers which support the governor weights 111 engage a grooved collar 130 carried by the lower end of the said sleeve 129, whereby the sleeve will be caused to rise as the governor balls fly out balls move inward. The parts are shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings in the normal running condition of the engine, in which the engine is rotating at a speed to cause the governor balls to iiy out sufiicientl to lift the sleeve 129 to a point wherein t e valve 124 is forced to its seat and steam is therefore cut off from the supplemental actuating means. This is because the supplemental actuating means is only intended to be used under abnormal conditions, the steam used at such points being used substantially non-expansively and hence very much less economically than the steam which is used in the main actuating elements of the engine. Should the speed of the engine fall below a predetermined point, however, the action of the governor balls in moving inward will open the throttle valve 124 and steam will be admitted to the auxiliary buckets and in this manner the power o the engine will be has reached a point wherein the governor balls have flown out to a position wherein the valve 124 is closed, a further rise of speed of the engine will begin to efl'ect the cutting off of the admission of steam to the uppermost high pressure channels in the form of engine shown, and to any of the other channels as may be desired, and as the speed of the engine continues to increase steam may be gradually cut off until finally it is cut oft entirely in the extreme adjusted position of the blocks 121.

The governor element 105 is the element which regulates the engine under ordinary conditions, the ordinary running speed of the engine being such as to require the blocks 121 to have been moved somewhat` after the governor element 106 has reached the limit of its movement. Thus fluctuations of speed for a certain amount below such predetermined speed and to any extent above will be taken care of by the governor element 105, but on the other hand,

should the speed of the engine fall below a predetermined point wherein the main actuating elements are receiving all the steam that can be supplied tothern, then the supplemental governor element 106 will come into play and steam will be admitted to the supplemental buckets to assist in the actuation of the engine as aforesaid.

When the engine is rotating in one direction at a high speed, z'. c., such a speed wherein the valve 124 is entirely closed, and it be desired to reverse the engine quickly, it is highly desirable that after the reversing and main valves have been properly adjusted, steam be admitted through the supplementary reversing valves to the supplementary buckets, but as so far explained the throttle valve 124 will be closed at such times because of the speed at which the engine is running. I have, therefore, provided. means for opening the throttle valve 124, regardless of the position of the governor balls 111, whenever tie position of the main valves is reversed for the purpose of reversing the direction of runninf` of the engine. lThis means includes a disk 131 secured fast upon the stem 132 of the uppermost main valve 46, such disk being provided with two uprising studs 133 (see Figs. 5 and 17) and two springs 134. The lever 127 is loosely mounted upon the upper extremity of the spindle 132 and is adapted to be engaged by the said studs 133 and the springs 134. When the position of the main valve 46 is reversed the stud 133 farthest away from the lever 127 will move around to a position wherein it will engage the said lever and in the further movement of the valve will carry the lever over with it t0 a oint wherein the slotted extremity thereo will be relieved from engagement with the collar 125 upon the stem of the valve 124, and the spring 126 will then act to op'en. the valve, the collar 125 being received at such times within the said slotted portion of the lever. In the completion of the angular movement of the valve 46 the lever will be moved over to a position wherein the opposite end of the slot reaches the collar 125, at which point the collar will act as a stop for the lever, and in a slight further movement of the valve 46 the spring 134 which by this time will have engaged the lever 127 will lie compressed. Thereafter as the speed of the cngine reduces to zero, as it will in the reversing movement before starting in the opposite direction, the governor balls 111 will move in to a point wherein the sleeve will be so lowered as to carry the end of the lever 127 down beneath the collar 125, at which time the spring 134 will complete the movement of the lever, the said lever 127 reaching a point wherein the slotted extremity thereof will again rest beneath the collar 125 as shown in Fig. 7, except that the angular position of the disk 131 and the lever 127 will be reversed. Thereafter as the speed of the engine increases in a reverse direction the liftin of the sleeve 129, due to the flying out of the governor balls 111, will lift the end of the lever 127 and the collar 125 until the valve 124 is again closed and the engine will then operate normally as before. 1t is understood that the lever 127 is so loosely mounted, or is so otherwise constructed that it may have a free vertical movement to the required extent as well as an angular.movement about the aXis of the valve 4:7. A spring 135 tends to drawm the lever downward so that its slotted extremity willv be brought into constant engagement with the upper face of the ange 128 of the slot 129, whereby it will follow the movements thereof.

While a large part of the invention herein is directed specifically to the reversing feature of the engine, it will of course be obvious that certain novel features contained in the governing means and the introduction of supplemental actuating means thereby at a time of over-load, may be advantageously employed independently of the reversing engines.

'What I claim is:

1. In a turbine engine, the combination with rotary and stationary elements having main buckets and coactin reaction surfaces therein, and also having supplementary buckets and coacting reaction surfaces, of reversing means, and means operated in combination with the reversing means, for admitting motive fluid to the supplementary buckets and coacting reaction surfaces at the time of the operation of the said reversing means. y

2. 1n a turbine engine, the combination with rotary and stationary elements having main buckets and coacting reaction surfaces therein, and also having 'supplementary buckets and coacting reaction surfaces, of reversing means, means operated in oonjunctionwith the reversing means for admitting motive uid to the supplementaryl buckets and coacting reaction surfaces at the time of the operation of the said reversing means; governing means., and means operated there by for cutting ed admission of motive fluid to the said supplementary buckets and co acting reactionsurfaces after the engine has reached predetermined speed of rotation in the new direction of drive.

3. fn a turbine engine, the combination with rotary and stationary elements having main buckets and two sets of coacting reaction surfaces therein, the one set for employment when the engine is driven in one direction and the other set for employment when the engine is driven in the oppdsite direction, the said rotary and stationary. elements also having supplementary buckets and coactingreaction. surfaces, of a reversing valve for admitting motive uid to the one or the other of the said sets of main reaction surfaces, another valve, means for operating the first said valve to reverse the position "thereof, means operated in conjunction therewith for operating the second said valve to admit motive fiuid to the said supplementary buckets and reaction surfaces, governing means, and means operated therebyfor again closing the latter said valve after the engine has reached a preden termined speed of rotation in the new direction of drive.

a. In a turbine engine, the combination with rotary and stationary elements having main buckets andl two sets of coacting reaction surfaces therein, inclined in opposite directions, the said rotary element having also supplementary buckets, ofl a reversing valve for admitting motive fluid to the one or the other of the two sets of main reaction surfaces, a supplementary reversing valve having two sets of reaction surfaces therein either of which vis adapted for coaction with the said supplementary buckets, and means for reversing the position of the main and supplementary reversin valves.

5. ln a turbine engine, t e combination with rotary and stationary elements having main buckets.A and two sets of coacting reaction surfaces therein, the one set for employment when the engine is driven in one direction and the otherset for employment when the engine is driven in the opposite direction, the said rotary element having also supplementary buckets,`of a reversing valve for admitting motive fluid to the one or the other of the two sets of main reaction surfaces, a supplementary reversing valve having two sets of reaction surfaces therein either of which is adapted for coaction with the said supplementary buckets, and connected means for simultaneously reversing the position of the said'main and supplemental reversing valves.

G. In a turbine enginethe combination with rotary and stationary elements having main buckets and two sets of coacting reaction surfaes therein, the one set for employment when the engine is driven in one direction and the other set for employment when the engine is driven in the opposite direction, the said rotary element having also supplementary buckets, of a reversing valve for admitting motive fluid to the one or the other of the two sets of main reaction surfaces, a supplementary reversing valve having two sets of reaction surfaces therein either of which is adapted for coaction with the said supplementary buckets, a supplementary motive fluid admission valve, means for reversing 'the position ofthe main and supplementary reversing valves, and means in combination therewith for opening the said supplementary admission valve at the .et the the Said raw` versingivalyosa. D y i 7.3111 at vblue.engine,tlxie combination. with rotary and stationary elementshavl" ying `main.buckets and two setszotcoac'ting `reaction surfaces therenn, the fone4 setfgfor,

ing also supplementary buckets, of a reversing valve for admitting motive Huid to the. one or the other of the two sets of'maiin reaction surfaces', a supplementary/,reversing valve having two sets of reaction surfaces therein either Aof which is adaptedior coaction wit-h the said supplementary` buckets, a supplementary motivev Huid admission valve, means for reversing the, position of the main and supplementar revers-ingl valves, means in combination t erewith for opening the said supplementary admission valve at the time of the operation of the said reversing valves7 governing means, and means operated thereby for closing the said supplemental admission valve after the engine has reached a redetermined speed ofrotation in the new irect-ion of drive.

8. In a reversing turbine engine the combination with a rotary element an a reversing valve, of means for temporarily connecting the reversing valve with the rotary element to effect the operation of the said reversing valve, and means for automatically freeing the reversing valve from said rotating element.

9. In a reversing turbine engine, the combination with a rotary element and a reversing valve, of gearing between the said ro-v tary element and the said reversing valve, 1 and a clutch for connecting the said gearingr in operative driving relatlon.

10. In a reversing turbine engine, the combination with a rotary element and areversing valve, of manually operated means `or connecting the said reversing valve in driving relation with the said rotary element, andmeans operated in the further movement of the engine for disconnecting the said reversing valve from such driving relation.

11. In a reversing turbine engine, the combination with a rotary element and a reversing valve, of manually operated means for connecting the said reversing valve in driving relation with Ithe said `rotary element, and means operated by a part moving with the said valve for disconnecting the said valve from such driving relation.

12. In a reversing turbine engine, the combination with a rotary element and a reversing valve, of caring between the said rotary element andg the said reversing valve, a clutch for connecting the said gearing in operative driving relation, manually operatedsmeansfor .throwing andimQw-S Operated byt e ivalve in its movement for throwing out thesaid clutch.

13.111I a reversing turbine engine, the

bombnationwith a rotary element and a reversngvalvalwof a clutch for normally 4hold'-` ing-,the'valve stationary, another clutch for connecting the` said valve driving relain the said clutch,.

tion with the said rotary element, manually operated means lfor disconnecting the said., stationary clutch means and for connecting i the said driving clutch means, and means operated by the valve in its movement for, disconnecting the said driving clutch means and again connecting thesaid stationary4 clutch means.

14. combination with a rotary element an aLreversing valve, of a clutch' for normally hold? ing the valve stationary, another clu hffon connecting the said valve in driving for the said clutch means, manua ated means fo eiect' they movement -of the shipper ro in one 4 irection, and meansggg with the said valvefor operatingmovin upon ie said shipper lever to move 1t 1n the other direction., 15. In a turbineen ine, the combination with a rotary element aving bucketsthere- A in and a stationary element havin an admission channell and reaction sur aces for coaction with the said buckets, of; an adjustable block also containin reaction sur, faces for coaction with the sai. buckets, and means for Vadjusting the said block whereby to adjust the relative position of the reaction, surfaces therein with respect t'othereaction surfaces in the said stationa element. n.

16. In a turbine engine, t c combination with a rotary element aving buckets therein and a stationary element havi an admission channel and reaction sur aces coaction with the said buckets, of an adjustable block containing an admission channel for registration with the admission chan'rie in the stationary element, and also cntain-- ing' reaction surf said block. whereby to adiustthe position' of, the admission channel therein with respect to the admission channel in the stationary` element and also to adjust the relative osltion of the reaction surfaces therein wit respect to the reaction surfaces in the said stationa element.

17. n a turbine en e, the combination with a rotary element aving buckets therein and a stationary element havin an ad'- mission channel and reaction sur aces coaction with the said buckets, of an ad`ust able block also containing reaction4 sur aces for coaction with the said buckets, automatic governor means, and means for adjusting the said' block whereby toadjust the relative In 4a reveralng turbine engine, the

for

aces for coaction with tho-f said buckets, and means for ad]ust1n g` theL for .with the said rotary element, fa shipper rnd4 .0pI'1,-

IMG),

position of the reaction 'surfaces therein with respect to the reaction surfaces in the said stationary element.

18. In a turbine engine, the combination with a rotary element having buckets there- 1n. and a stationary element having an adnnssion channel and reaction surfaces for coaction with the said buckets, of an adjustable block containing an admission channel for registration with the admission channel in the stationary element, and also containing reaction surfaces for coaction with the said buckets, automatic governor means, and means for adjusting the said block whereby to adjust the position of the admission channel therein with respect to the admission channel in the stationary element and also to adjust the relative position of the reaction surfaces therein with respect Vto the reaction surfaces in the said stationary element.

l19. In a turbine engine, the combination with rotary and stationary elements having main buckets and coacting reaction surfaces therein and also having supplementary buckets and coacting reaction surfaces, of an adjustable block also containing reaction surfaces for coaction with the main buckets, a governor, and means rioerated thereby for adjusting the said block whereby to adjust the relative position of the reaction surfaces therein with respect to the reaction surfaces in the said stationary element, the said governor being arranged to adjust the block during the normal operation of the engine, another governor, and means operated thereby after the speed of the engine has fallen below a predetermined point, for

. admitting motive iuid to the said supplefaces for coaction with the said supple* mentary buckets, of an adjustable block containing an admission channel for registration with the said admission channel in the stationary element and also containing reaction surfaces for.coaction with the said main buckets, a governor, and means actuated thereby for adjusting the said block whereby to adjust the position of the ad- .'mission channel therein with respect to the admission channel in the stationary element and also to adjust the relative position of the reaction surfaces therein with respect to` the reaction surfaces in the said stationary element, the said governor being arranged to adjust the block during'the normal operation of the engine, .another governor, and means operated thereby after the speed of ated direction selecting means therefor,

whereby the engine may be initially operated in either direction by the said auX-;

iliary actuating means and while the operation of the said reversing valve isv being effected.

22. In a reversing turbine engine, the combination with a rotatable element, a reversing valve, and means for temporarily connecting the reversing valve with the rotatable element to effect the operation of the said reversing val-ve, of auxiliary vactuating means for the engine including auxiliary buckets carried by the rotatable element and two nozzles for admit-ting motive fluid thereto in opposite directions, and manually operated valve means for admitting motive fluid to ,either of the said nozzles whereby the engine may be initially operated in either direction by the said auxiliary actuating means and while the operation of the said reversing valve is being effected.

23. In a reversing turbine engine, the combination with rotary and stationary elements having buckets and reaction surfaces for coaction therewith in either direction of rotation of the rotating element, and a reversing valve, of means for automatically relieving the engine from load during the operation of reversing the direction of rotation thereof.

24. In a reversing turbine engine, the combination with rotary and stationary elements having buckets and reaction surfaces for coaction ltherewith in 'either direction of rotation of the rotary element, and a reversing valve, of va shaft coupling, and means. therein for temporarily relieving the shaft from load when the said shaft first-begins to rot-ate in a direction opposite to its former direction of rotation.

25. In a turbine engine, the combination with stationary elements having reaction surfaces therein, of a rotor having rings of buckets in circumferential alinement with some of said reaction surfaces and a ring of supplementary buckets opposite other of the reaction surfaces, means for admitting motive fluid to all of said buckets and their cooperating reaction surfaces,I and a centrifugal governor arranged to cut off admission of motive fluid from that part of the rotor in which is the ring` of supplementary buckets. f .f

26. In a turbine engine, the combination with stationary elements having reaction surfaces therein, of a rotor having a plurality of rings of main driving buckets therein opposite some of said reaction surfaces, and a ring of supplementary buckets opposite other of the reaction surfaces, means for admitting motive fluid to all of said buckets and their coperating reaction surfaces, said fluid being arranged to act expansively through the dierent rings of main driving buckets, and non-expansively through the ring of supplementary buckets, and a centrifugal governor arranged to cut off admission of motive fluid from that part of the rotor in which is the ring of supplementary buckets.

27. In a turbine engine, the combination With stationary elements having reaction surfaces therein, of a rotor having rings of buckets in circumferential alinement with some of said reaction surfaces, and a 2ring of supplementary buckets opposite other of the reaction surfaces, means for admitting motive fluid to all of said buckets and their cooperating reaction surfaces, a centrifugal governor arranged to control the admission of said fluid, and another centrifugal governor arranged to cut of'f admission of motive fluid from that part of the rotor in which is the ring of supplementary buckets.

28. In a turbine engine, the combination With a rotor having rings of main driving buckets therein, and a ring of auxiliary starting buckets, stationary elements having reaction recesses opposite the main driv ing buckets, and a fluid admission nozzle opposite said starting buckets, an automatically actuated valve for controlling the admission of motive fluid to the main driving buckets, and a manually actuated valve for controlling said nozzle.

29. In a turbine engine, the combination with a rotor having rings of main driving buckets therein, a ring of supplementary buckets and a ring of auxiliary starting buckets, stationary elements having reaction recesses opposite the main driving buckets, other reaction recesses opposite said supplementary buckets, and a fluid admission nozzle opposite the starting buckets, a valve for controlling the admission of motive fluid to the main driving buckets, means for actuating said valve bythe movement of the rotor, an automatically actuated vulve for controlling admission of motive fluid to the supplementary buckets, a centrifugal governor for controlling said supplementary bucket admission valve, and a manually actuated valve for controlling said nozzle.

EMIL ANDERSON.

Witnesses:

D. I'IowAno HAYvvooD, W. STANLEY Toon. 

